The Impact of Plant-Based Diets on Cardiovascular Health in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Thesis Abstract

Abstract
This thesis investigates the impact of plant-based diets on cardiovascular health in adults through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases worldwide underscores the need for effective dietary interventions to improve heart health. Plant-based diets, characterized by a high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds, have gained attention for their potential cardiovascular benefits. The aim of this study is to synthesize existing evidence on the relationship between plant-based diets and cardiovascular health outcomes, such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and risk of cardiovascular events. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the research topic, outlining the background of the study, problem statement, objectives, limitations, scope, significance, structure of the thesis, and definition of key terms. Chapter 2 presents a comprehensive literature review comprising ten key themes related to plant-based diets and cardiovascular health. The review synthesizes findings from previous studies, identifying gaps and inconsistencies in the current knowledge base. Chapter 3 details the research methodology employed in this study, including the selection criteria for studies, data extraction process, quality assessment, and statistical analysis methods. The chapter also discusses the sources of data and search strategies used to identify relevant studies for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Chapter 4 presents the results of the systematic review and meta-analysis, highlighting the impact of plant-based diets on cardiovascular health outcomes. The findings are discussed in relation to the existing literature, providing insights into the potential mechanisms by which plant-based diets may influence cardiovascular health. Chapter 5 concludes the thesis by summarizing the key findings, discussing their implications for clinical practice and public health, and suggesting directions for future research. The study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the cardiovascular benefits of plant-based diets and underscores the importance of dietary interventions in promoting heart health among adults.