Home / Biochemistry / Evaluation of the chemopreventive effects of balanite aegypticaand ziziphus spina-christy supplementon n-methyl-n-nitrosourea induced colon carcinogenesis in male wistar rats

Evaluation of the chemopreventive effects of balanite aegypticaand ziziphus spina-christy supplementon n-methyl-n-nitrosourea induced colon carcinogenesis in male wistar rats

 

Table Of Contents


Chapter ONE

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of study
1.3 Problem Statement
1.4 Objective of Study
1.5 Limitation of Study
1.6 Scope of Study
1.7 Significance of Study
1.8 Structure of the Research
1.9 Definition of Terms

Chapter TWO

2.1 Overview of Chemopreventive Effects
2.2 Balanite Aegyptica Supplement Literature Review
2.3 Ziziphus Spina-Christy Supplement Literature Review
2.4 N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea Induced Colon Carcinogenesis Review
2.5 Mechanisms of Colon Cancer Development
2.6 Previous Studies on Chemopreventive Effects
2.7 Animal Models in Chemoprevention Research
2.8 Clinical Trials on Chemopreventive Agents
2.9 Challenges in Chemoprevention Research
2.10 Future Directions in Chemoprevention Studies

Chapter THREE

3.1 Research Methodology Overview
3.2 Selection of Animal Model
3.3 Preparation and Administration of Supplements
3.4 Induction of Colon Carcinogenesis
3.5 Monitoring and Assessment of Carcinogenesis
3.6 Data Collection and Analysis Methods
3.7 Statistical Analysis Techniques
3.8 Ethical Considerations in Animal Studies

Chapter FOUR

4.1 Analysis of Chemopreventive Effects of Balanite Aegyptica Supplement
4.2 Analysis of Chemopreventive Effects of Ziziphus Spina-Christy Supplement
4.3 Comparison of Effects between Supplements
4.4 Histological Examination of Colon Tissues
4.5 Molecular Pathways Involved in Chemoprevention
4.6 Discussion on Potential Mechanisms of Action
4.7 Comparison with Previous Studies
4.8 Implications for Future Research

Chapter FIVE

5.1 Conclusion and Summary
5.2 Key Findings Recap
5.3 Contributions to the Field
5.4 Limitations and Future Directions
5.5 Recommendations for Further Studies

Thesis Abstract

The colon carcinogenesis chemopreventive potential of different levels of Balanites aegyptica and Ziziphus spina-christy diets supplemented at 2.5%, 5% and 10% were examined on N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea induced colon carcinogenesis in male wistar rats. Following ten (10) weeks of induction with N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (MNU) and concomitant feeding with supplemented diets, it was observed that groups on diet supplemented with Balanites aegypticaand Ziziphus spina-christyshowed a significant (pË‚0.05) decrease in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in a dose-dependent manner. There was a significant (pË‚0.05) increase in the body weight of the MNU treated with 10 % Balanites aegypticaand Ziziphus spina-christy supplemented diet group. The feeding rate among the treatment groups showed no significant (pË‚0.05) difference. Furthermore, there was no significant (pË‚0.05) difference in white blood cell, red blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentration and platelets. The MNU treated group that the diet was supplemented with the 10% Balanites aegypticaand Ziziphus spina-christy showed significant increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, while the photomicrograph of the colon of MNU control showed hyperchromiticity, atrophy of gland and necrosis compared to normal mucosal features observed in the normal control with normal colon features. These findings suggest that Balanites aegypticaand Ziziphus spina-christy especially at 10% supplementation level were able to provide a chemopreventive effect against colon carcinogenesis, probably because of their fiber, polyphenol and flavonoid contents.

Thesis Overview

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