Thesis Abstract

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. In cancer biology, dysregulation of miRNAs has been implicated in various aspects of tumor development and progression. This thesis aimed to investigate the specific role of miRNAs in regulating gene expression in cancer cells, focusing on their impact on key oncogenic pathways. The study utilized a combination of bioinformatics analysis, molecular biology techniques, and cell culture experiments to elucidate the mechanisms by which miRNAs modulate gene expression in cancer cells. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to provide a theoretical framework for understanding the current knowledge in the field and to identify gaps in the existing research that warranted further investigation. The research methodology involved the identification of differentially expressed miRNAs in various cancer cell lines, followed by functional studies to validate their effects on target gene expression. The results revealed that certain miRNAs were significantly upregulated or downregulated in specific cancer types, indicating their potential as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, the study uncovered novel interactions between miRNAs and key regulatory genes involved in cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. By targeting these genes, miRNAs were able to modulate signaling pathways that are essential for tumor growth and metastasis. The findings from this research provide valuable insights into the complex network of gene regulation in cancer cells and offer new opportunities for developing targeted therapies. Overall, this thesis contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the role of miRNAs in cancer biology and highlights their potential as therapeutic targets for precision medicine. The findings presented here underscore the importance of further research in this field to unravel the intricate mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate gene expression in cancer cells and to translate these discoveries into clinical applications for improved cancer management.

Thesis Overview

The project titled "Investigating the role of microRNAs in regulating gene expression in cancer cells" aims to explore the intricate mechanisms by which microRNAs influence gene expression in cancer cells. Cancer is a complex disease characterized by aberrant gene regulation leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. MicroRNAs, small non-coding RNA molecules, have emerged as key players in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They can bind to specific messenger RNA molecules and either promote their degradation or inhibit their translation, thereby modulating gene expression. In recent years, studies have shown that dysregulation of microRNAs is associated with various types of cancer, highlighting their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. This research project seeks to deepen our understanding of how microRNAs function in the context of cancer biology. By investigating the specific microRNAs involved and their target genes, we aim to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms driving cancer progression. The project will employ a combination of experimental techniques, including cell culture, molecular biology assays, bioinformatics analysis, and functional studies to unravel the complex interplay between microRNAs and gene expression in cancer cells. By identifying key microRNAs and their downstream targets, we hope to uncover novel insights into the molecular pathways that contribute to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, this research has the potential to contribute to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. By targeting specific microRNAs or their downstream effectors, it may be possible to modulate gene expression patterns in cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth. Ultimately, the findings from this study could pave the way for the development of personalized medicine approaches tailored to individual patients based on their microRNA profiles. Overall, this research overview underscores the significance of investigating the role of microRNAs in regulating gene expression in cancer cells. Through a comprehensive analysis of microRNA-mediated gene regulation, this project aims to advance our knowledge of cancer biology and potentially lead to novel therapeutic interventions for improving patient outcomes in the fight against cancer.