<p>1. Introduction<br> 1.1 Background and significance<br> 1.2 Objectives of the study<br>2. Biochemical Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance<br> 2.1 Drug efflux and multidrug resistance pumps<br> 2.2 Target modification and antibiotic binding sites<br> 2.3 Enzymatic inactivation and antibiotic degradation<br>3. Genetic and Biochemical Factors in Resistance<br> 3.1 Acquisition and spread of resistance genes<br> 3.2 Horizontal gene transfer and plasmids<br> 3.3 Mutations and selection pressure<br>4. Biochemical Adaptations in Resistant Bacteria<br> 4.1 Metabolic changes and altered pathways<br> 4.2 Biofilm formation and antibiotic tolerance<br> 4.3 Quorum sensing and communication in resistance<br>5. Strategies to Overcome Antibiotic Resistance<br> 5.1 Combination therapy and synergistic effects<br> 5.2 Targeting resistance mechanisms and pathways<br> 5.3 Development of new antibiotics and alternatives<br></p>
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