1. Introduction
  1.1 Background and significance
  1.2 Objectives of the study
2. DNA structure and replication origins
  2.1 DNA double helix
  2.2 Replication origins and initiation
3. Enzymes and proteins involved in DNA replication
  3.1 DNA polymerases
  3.2 DNA helicases
  3.3 Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins
  3.4 Topoisomerases
4. DNA replication fork progression
  4.1 Leading and lagging strand synthesis
  4.2 Okazaki fragments
  4.3 DNA primase and RNA primers
5. DNA proofreading and error correction
  5.1 DNA exonucleases
  5.2 Mismatch repair mechanisms
  5.3 DNA damage tolerance pathways