The Impact of Skincare Rituals on Acne Severity Among Adolescents

Thesis Abstract

Adolescents frequently engage in diverse skincare rituals in an effort to manage or prevent acne, yet the efficacy and potential impact of these practices on acne severity remain inadequately documented. This study investigates the relationship between skincare rituals and the severity of acne among adolescents, aiming to provide empirical evidence that informs dermatological interventions and skincare education programs. The primary objectives are to assess the types and frequencies of skincare rituals practiced, evaluate their association with acne severity levels, and identify demographic and behavioral factors that moderate this relationship. Employing a cross-sectional analytical research design, the study collaborates within a population of 600 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years attending secondary schools in the metropolitan area. A stratified random sampling technique ensures representativeness across gender, age groups, and socioeconomic status. Data collection instruments comprise a structured, validated questionnaire measuring skincare routines, adherence levels, and demographic variables, complemented by clinical dermatological assessments conducted by trained dermatologists to classify acne severity according to the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS). To ensure validity and reliability, instruments pilot testing was conducted with a subset of 50 participants, and both Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and inter-rater reliability were computed. Quantitative data analysis involves descriptive statistics to characterize skincare practices, followed by inferential analyses including Pearson’s correlation to examine relationships between skincare rituals and acne severity. Multiple regression models will be employed to determine predictive factors, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, gender, hormonal factors, and socioeconomic status. Additionally, path analysis will explore mediating effects of skincare adherence on the relationship between ritual types and acne severity. The study is informed by the Health Belief Model, emphasizing perceptions and beliefs regarding skincare, and the Theory of Planned Behavior, focusing on behavioral intentions influencing skincare practices. Expected findings suggest a complex relationship wherein certain skincare rituals—such as frequent washing with harsh cleansers or use of comedogenic products—correlate positively with increased acne severity, while appropriate cleansing routines associate with reduced severity. Additionally, demographic variables like gender and socioeconomic status are anticipated to moderate these relationships. The research aims to elucidate common misconceptions regarding skincare and identify behaviors that exacerbate acne, providing a nuanced understanding of adolescents' skincare practices. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering empirical data on the impact of specific skincare behaviors on acne severity within the adolescent population, highlighting the importance of targeted educational interventions and clinical recommendations. It underscores the need for dermatologists and health educators to disseminate evidence-based skincare guidelines tailored to adolescents, promoting practices that mitigate acne severity and improve psychosocial well-being. The study concludes that effective skincare education rooted in empirical evidence can significantly influence adolescents’ skincare behaviors and outcomes. Recommendations include integrating dermatological guidance into school health programs, developing age-specific skincare guidelines, and encouraging further longitudinal research to assess causal relationships and the long-term effects of skincare rituals on acne progression and recurrence. These findings aim to advance personalized dermatological care and enhance adolescent skin health management strategies.