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Comparative Design and Analysis of a Mosque Using Steel and Reinforced Concrete
Comparative Design and Analysis of a Mosque Using Steel and Reinforced Concrete
Table Of Contents
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2ABSTRACT – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3Table of Contents – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5Chapter 1: Introduction – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1011 General – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1012 The main objectives for our project are: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1113 Scope of the report: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11Chapter 2: Concrete – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1221 Loads Calculations: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12211 Types of loads: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 12212 Load parameters and super imposed dead load: – – – – – – – – – – – 14213 Loads on slabs: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1422: Design of slabs – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15221 Types of Slab: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15222 Steps to Design one way slab: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 17223 Slab Minimum Thickness: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 17224 Materials properties: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 17225 Load Calculation: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 20226 Flexural Design – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2123 Design of beams & sub beams: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 26231 Steps to Design Rectangular beam & sub beams: – – – – – – – – – –27232 Materials properties: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 27233 Load calculation for sub beam: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 27234 Design of sub beams: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 28235 Calculations of loads for beam: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 39236 Design of the beam: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4024 Design of columns – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 46241 Classification of columns: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 46243 Materials properties: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 49244 Load Calculation: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4925 Design of dome – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 52251 Classification of dome: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 52252 Calculations of dome: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 53Chapter 3: Steel – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5931 Introduction: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6132 Design Information: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 62321 Applicable Design Codes: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 62322 Material specifications: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 62323 Load Combinations: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6333 Structural Analysis: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 64331 Mezzanine floor beam (Girder 2-2): – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 65332 Roof beam (3DE): – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 70333 Dome beam (3BD): – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 75334 Column (2C): – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 8034 Design: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 82341 Mezzanine beam design (Girder 2-2): – – – – – – – – – – – – – 83342 Roof beam design (3DE): – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 92343 Dome beam design (3BD): – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 101344 Column design (2C): – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 110345 ETABS drawings: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 11935 Connection design: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 125351 Connection of Mezzanine Floor: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 126352 Connection of Roof: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 140Chapter 4: Foundation – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15441 Introduction – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15442 Isolated foundation – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 15443 Design of Isolated Foundation: – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 155Appendix – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 162Appendix A: Analysis & design report using ETABS 2015 – – – – – – – – – 162Appendix B: Steel design and modeling using ETABS 2015 – – – – – – – – – 182References – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 253List of figuresFigure 1 Mosque overview – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4Figure 2 One way slab; (a) classification; (b) reinforcement – – – – – – – – – – 15Figure 3 Two way slab – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 16Figure 4 1st Floor (Mezzanine floor) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 18Figure 5 Roof Floor – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 19Figure 6 Force acting on sub-beam & reaction force – – – – – – – – – – – – 29Figure 7 Shear force – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 29Figure 8 Bending moment – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 30Figure 9 Deflection – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 30Figure 10 (3D) renderer and colored results – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 31Figure 11 Force acting on sub-beam & reaction force – – – – – – – – – – – – 35Figure 12 Shear force – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 35Figure 13 Bending moment – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 36Figure 14 Deflection – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 36Figure 15 (3D) renderer and colored results – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 37Figure 16 Force acting on sub-beam & reaction force – – – – – – – – – – – – 41Figure 17 Shear force – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 41Figure 18 Bending moment – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 42Figure 19 Deflection – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 42Figure 20 (3D) renderer and colored results – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 43Figure 21 Cross section for eccentrically loaded column – – – – – – – – – – – 46Figure 22 Column selected for the sample of calculation is 2C Shown in the Figure – – – – 48Figure 23 (3D) Dome structural design – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 54Figure 24 (3D) dome overview design – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 55Figure 25 Top view for 1st floor (mezzanine) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 56Figure 26 Side view for 1st floor (mezzanine) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 57Figure 27 Side view – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 57Figure 28 Top view for Roof – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 58Figure 29 Front view – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 58Figure 30 ETABS 3D drawing – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 64Figure 31 AutoCAD Drawing, for Grade 2 – Level 7m – – – – – – – – – – – – 65Figure 32 ETABS drawing, mezzanine floor, Girder 2 – – – – – – – – – – – – 66Figure 33 Input data from SkyCiv program for mezzanine floor beam – – – – – – – – 67Figure 34 Output data from SkyCiv program (moment) – – – – – – – – – – – 68Figure 35 Output data from SkyCiv program (shear) – – – – – – – – – – – – 69Figure 36 ETABS drawing, Roof, 3DE – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 71Figure 37 Input data from SkyCiv program for Roof beam – – – – – – – – – – – 72Figure 38 Output data from SkyCiv program (moment) – – – – – – – – – – – 73Figure 39 Output data from SkyCiv program (shear) – – – – – – – – – – – – 74Figure 40 ETABS drawing, Dome Beam (3BD) – – – – – – – – – – – – – 76Figure 41 Input data from SkyCiv program for Dome beam – – – – – – – – – – 77Figure 42 Output data from SkyCiv program (moment) – – – – – – – – – – – 78Figure 43 Output data from SkyCiv program (shear) – – – – – – – – – – – – 79Figure 44 ETABS drawing, Column 2C – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 81Figure 45 Steel section properties (HE 500 B) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 88Figure 46 Steel section properties (HE 400 A) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 97Figure 47 Steel section properties (IPE 450) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 106Figure 48 Steel section properties (HE 400 B) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 115Figure 49 ETABS 3D model – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 119Figure 50 Side view – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 119Figure 51 Top view for mezzanine floor – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 120Figure 52 Top view of sections for mezzanine floor – – – – – – – – – – – – 121Figure 53 Top view for roof – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 121Figure 54 Top view of sections for roof – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 122Figure 55 Steel stress ratio (column) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 123Figure 56 Steel stress ratio (mezzanine and roof) – – – – – – – – – – – – – 124Figure 57 Mezzanine Floor plan – Connection – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 126Figure 58 Roof plan – Connection – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 140Figure 59 Isolated Foundation – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 154Figure 60 Foundation thickness and height assumption – – – – – – – – – – – 156List of TablesTable 1 Minimum thickness of one-way solid slabs – – – – – – – – – – – – – 17Table 2 Properties – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 17Table 3 Design of rectangular beam & sub-beam section for moment (simply supported beam) – 26Table 4 Properties – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 27Table 5 Properties – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 49Table 6 Material specifications – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 62Table 7 Dead load – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 63Table 8 Live load – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 63Table 9 Ultimate load – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 63Table 10 Mezzanine floor analysis – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 65Table 11 Structural analysis for girder 2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 67Table 12 Roof analysis for 3DE beam – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 70Table 13 Structural analysis for 3DE beam – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 72Table 14 Roof analysis for dome beam – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 75Table 15 Structural analysis for 3BD beam – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 77Table 16 Structural analysis for column – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 80Table 17 Structural analysis for column – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 81Table 18 Steel section properties (HE 500 B) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 83Table 19 Steel section properties (HE 400 A) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 92Table 20 Steel section properties (IPE 450) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 101Table 21 Steel section properties (HE 400 B) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 110
Thesis Abstract
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has been applying the Shari`ah of Islam, acting in accordance with the Holy Qur’an and Sunnah, and making judgments based on Allah’s Shari`ah. It also strives to propagate and call people to Islam with wisdom and fair preaching.This is the essential cornerstone of its system, duties, and obligations, to which it pays due attention.The Basic Law of Saudi Arabia provides for deriving power from the Holy Qur’an and Sunnah, which rule over this Law and all other laws of the Kingdom. It also stipulates that the Kingdom should protect the Islamic creed, apply the Shari`ah, enjoin good, forbid evil, and call people to Allah.The Sectors of Islamic Affairs, Da`wah, Guidance, and Endowments have been among the outstanding pillars and essential parts of the Kingdom. Since the foundations of the kingdom were laid by King`Abdul `Aziz Al Saud and his sons after him, the Kingdom has established, sponsored, supported, and developed large organizations for this purpose, flourishing in the era of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, his Crown Prince, and his Second Deputy Prime Minister. Subsequently wherever the Muslim’s have gone, they built Mosques for their needs in that community and worship Allah. Moreover mosque indeed is a great example of traditional and long lasting buildings which civil engineers do best making a strong, stable, and sustainable buildings. Through our civil engineering study at Prince Mohammed bin Fahd University, as well as taking the opportunity to apply what we have studied at the university level, we decided to choose the design of the mosque. We make Comparative Design & Analysis of a Mosque Using Steel and Reinforced Concrete Elements design and analysis ( figure 1), including calculation of the foundation. Our project covered by several programs such as Etabs2015, Sap2000, AutoCAD, SkiCiv, LimCon, and steel connections.Thesis Overview
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