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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE, CHLORINE AND DILUTION EFFECTS ON CASSAVA WASTEWATER CYANIDE REMOVAL
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE, CHLORINE AND DILUTION EFFECTS ON CASSAVA WASTEWATER CYANIDE REMOVAL
Table Of Contents
-        TABLE OF CONTENT TITLE PAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. iCERTIFICATION PAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. iiAPPROVAL PAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. iiiDEDICATION .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .. .. .. .. .. .. .. vABSTRACT .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. viTABLE OF CONTENTS .. .. .. .. .. .. .. vii LIST OF TABLES .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. viiiLIST OF FIGURES .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ixCHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION1.0 INTRODUCTION .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
- 11.1 Background Of The Study .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.
- 1.1 Effects Of Cassava Toxic Chemicals On Nigerians .. ..
- 31.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .. .. .. ..
- 41.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY .. .. .. .. ..
- 41.4 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY .. .. .. .. ..
- 51.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS .. .. .. .. .. 5CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW .. .. .. .. .. ..
- 72.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF CASSAVA .. .. .. .. 72.
- 1.1 Varieties Of Cassava .. .. .. .. .. .. 82.
- 1.2 Climate, Soil Requirement And Cultivation .. .. ..
- 92.2 CASSAVA PROCESSING .. .. .. .. .. 92.
- 2.1 Cassava Wastewater .. .. .. .. .. .. 102.
- 2.2 Characteristics Of Cassava Wastewater .. .. ..
- 102.3 TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR CASSAVA WASTEWATER 122.
- 3.1 Aerobic Treatment .. .. .. .. .. .. 132.
- 3.2 Anaerobic Lagoon/Digestion Treatment .. .. .. 132.
- 3.3 Aerated Lagoon .. .. .. .. .. ..
- 132.4 ODOUR IN FERMENTED CASSAVA WASTE WATER .. 142.
- 4.1 Factors Affecting Odour Development .. .. .. 14Methods Of Odour Removal .. .. .. .. .. 152.
- 4.3 Odour Measurements .. .. .. .. .. .. 15CYANIDE AND ITS OCCURENCE .. .. .. .. 152.
- 5.1 Preparation Of Cyanide .. .. .. .. .. 172.
- 5.2 Reactions .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 172.
- 5.3 Cyanide In Form Of Alkalis .. .. .. .. .. 182.
- 5.4 Toxicity And Effect Of Cyanide On Health .. .. .. 182.
- 5.5 Case Of Cyanide Industry Accident .. .. .. .. 202.
- 5.6 Economic Importance Of Cyanide .. .. .. .. 202.
- 5.7 Destruction Of Hydrogen Cyanide .. .. .. .. 202.
- 5.8 Harmful Effects Of Cyanide Liberated From Linamarin .. 202.
- 5.9 Effect Of Cassava Processing On Cyanide Level .. ..
- 222.6 Analytical Methods And Treatment Technology .. .. 24Methods of Data Analysis .. .. .. .. .. 252.
- 7.1 Assumptions of Parametric Statistics .. .. .. .. 272.
- 7.2 Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) .. .. .. .. 272.
- 7.3 Dependent And Independent Variables .. .. .. 292.
- 7.4 Limitations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29The Scheffé’s Test .. .. .. .. .. .. 292.
- 8.1 Level Of Significance .. .. .. .. .. ..
- 302.9 Regression Analysis .. .. .. .. .. .. 30CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
- 3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY .. .. ..
- 323.1 DATA COLLECTION .. .. .. .. ..
- 323.2 METHOD OF ANALYSIS .. .. .. .. .. 32LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE .. .. .. .. ..
- 323.4 PRINCIPLES OF ANOVA .. .. .. .. .. 333.
- 4.1 Steps For One – Way ANOVA .. .. .. ..
- 333.5 THE SCHEFFÉ’S TEST .. .. .. .. ..
- 343.6 SIMPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS .. .. .. 35CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .. .. .. ..
- 364.1 Presentation And Discussion Of Laboratory Results .. ..
- 364.2 Data Analysis And Discussion Of Results .. .. .. 364.
- 3. Graph of K values for Coliform .. .. .. .. 44CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION / RECOMMENDATION5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION .. .. 45CONCLUSION .. .. .. .. .. .. 45RECOMMENDATION .. .. .. .. .. 45Reference
Thesis Abstract
ABSTRACT
This project, compared three different oxidizing agents in the reduction of cyanide content of cassava wastewater in order to facilitate cassava wastewater degradation. Analysis of Variance was used to verify if there is a significant difference on their rates of reaction with cyanide. A second test using the Scheffé law was carried out to further investigate which of them reacts faster with cyanide if at all there is a significant difference on rates of reaction of Sodium Hydroxide, Chlorine and Water with cyanide. Some parameters like BOD5, Cyanide, COD and Coliform were analyzed also to support the investigation. From the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) is a better oxidizing agent for cassava wastewater pre – treatment since it results in greater removal of BOD5.
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