Preparation of soap using different types of oils and exploring it’s properties
Table Of Contents
- Chapter 1IntroductionChapter 2Literature Review2.1Semi Boiled Process2.2Full Boiled2.3Cold Process2.4Different types of soap making oils2.5Castor Oil2.6Olive Oil2.7Neem Oil3.1Coconut OilChapter 3Materials and Methods3.1Materials Required3.2Methodology3.2.1Preparation of Soap3.2.2Comparing differentproperties of soap with detergent3.2.3Blending of Oils3.2.4Calculation of TFM3.2.5Calculation of free alkali3.2.6Analysis of the best blend3.2.7Saponification Value3.2.8Iodine Value3.2.9Unsaponifiable Matter3.2.10Acid ValueChapter 4Results and Discussion4.1Comparison of soap and detergent4.2Properties of soap after blending of oils4.3TFM values of soaps4.4Analysis of the best blend4.5Saponification Values4.5Iodine Values4.6Unsaponifiable Matter4.7Acid ValueChapter 5ConclusionChapter 6ReferencesList of TablesSl.no.Name of the tablePageno.1Composition of coconut oil132Yield of soap using individual oils233Properties of soap versus detergent234Moisture and Hardness of soap samples from24individual oils5Yield and pH values of soap samples from blending of24oils6Lathering and cleansing power of soap samples from25blending of oils7Moisture and Hardness of soap samples from blending26of oils8Total fatty matter of best blends of oils279Saponification value of the oil blend2810Iodine value of the oil blend2811Unsaponifiable matter2912Acid Value of the oil blend30
Thesis Abstract
Soaps are the sodium salts or potassium salts of stearic acids or any other fatty acids. They are prepared by the saponification process, which is, reacting the oil which contain triglycerides with caustic soda (NaOH) to give the soap. However different oils have different composition of fatty acids which are responsible for different properties of soaps made out of them. In the present work 5 different types of oils are taken. They are blended in various ratios to prepare 14 different samples of soap. Different properties of these samples were analyzed to see which soap is the best one. The cleansing and lathering properties of all samples were compared. The blend of coconut oil and castor oil at 31 ratio is found out to be the best with 76.8% of TFM and 89.46% of yield. The best blend is analyzed for various properties and they were compared with that given in the literature. The saponification values, iodine values of coconut oil and castor oil were found out and these values were also found for the blend. It was found that the blend was having SAP value of 230.4 and iodine value of 40 which are higher than the individual values. Thus soap prepared using blend of both these oils has better properties than the soaps prepared by individual oils.
Thesis Overview
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