Home
/
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering
/
POTENTIAL-ENHANCEMENT OF DEGRADED ENGINE OIL FOR FRICTION REDUCTION IN COLD UPSET FORGING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
POTENTIAL-ENHANCEMENT OF DEGRADED ENGINE OIL FOR FRICTION REDUCTION IN COLD UPSET FORGING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
Table Of Contents
- TITLE PAGEABSTRACTTABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter ONE
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Preamble1.2 Statement of Research Problem1.3 Justification1.4 Aim and Objectives1.5 Scope1.6 Contribution to Knowledge
Chapter TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Introduction2.2 Metal Forming2.3 Friction and Lubrication in Metal Forming2.
- 3.1 Friction in metal forming2.
- 3.2 Coefficient of friction2.4 Lubrication2.
- 4.1 Lubricants2.
- 4.2 Common lubricants used in metal forming2.5 Forging2.
- 5.1 Cold forging2.
- 5.2 Friction and lubrication in forging2.
- 5.3 Cold forging lubricants2.6 Oils under Investigation2.
- 6.1 Engine oil2.
- 6.2 Degraded engine oil2.
- 6.3 Vegetable oils2.
- 6.4 Palm kernel oil2.
- 6.5 Neem oil2.7 Ring Compression Test2.8 Previous Work
Chapter THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- MATERIALS AND METHODS3.1 Materials3.
- 1.1 Aluminium alloy3.
- 1.2 Oils under investigation3.
- 1.3 Equipment3.2 Methods3.
- 2.1 Sample preparation3.
- 2.2 Ring compression test
Chapter FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
- RESULTS4.1 Final Internal Diameter of Rings Obtained Under the Investigated Lubrication Conditions4.2 Physical Properties of Oils Under Investigation4.3 Viscosities of the Investigated Oils
Chapter FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- DISCUSSION OF RESULTS5.1 Evaluated Coefficient of Friction for Various Changes in Internal Diameter Obtained Under the Different Lubrication Conditions5.3 Regression Analysis5.4 Average Coefficients of Friction of the Lubricants Investigated CHAPTER SIX: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS6.1 Summary6.2 Conclusion6.3 RecommendationsREFERENCESAPPENDIX
Thesis Abstract
ABSTRACT
Enhancement of the friction-reducing properties of degraded 20W-50 engine oil by blending with neem and palm kernel oils respectively for application in cold upset-forging of aluminium alloys has been investigated using the ring compression test procedure. Three sets of blends of each of the vegetable oils with the degraded engine oil in the ratios 4060, 5050 and 6040, the engine oil (unused and degraded) and the individual vegetable oils were investigated for friction reduction. Based on the modified empirical formula for friction coefficient determination under the various lubrication conditions, the average values of friction coefficient, µ obtained under the investigated unused engine oil, degraded engine oil, pure neem oil, 40% neem oil, 50% neem oil, 60% neem oil, pure palm kernel oil, 40% palm kernel oil, 50% palm kernel oil and 40% palm kernel oil oils were 0.073, 0.092, 0.068, 0.068, 0.062, 0.060, 0.057, 0.080, 0.058 and 0.057 respectively. Close correlations were observed betweencurves of these friction values andthe standard calibration curves proposed by Male and Cockroft. On comparative basis with degraded oil lubrication condition with average friction coefficient of 0.092, appreciable reduction in friction values were obtained. The lowest average was obtained under 60% palm kernel oil mixed with degraded engine oil. This is attributable to increased viscosity and fatty acid quantity/quality of the investigated vegetable oil. However, based on curves of plot of coefficient of friction against percentage reduction in height, 40% and 50% neem oil in degraded oil could be adjudged the best blend ratios as their coefficients of friction fall with increasing deformation, whereas most of the blends of palm kernel considered in this work demonstrated unstable trends. Best results for neem oil blends with degraded oil could be attributed to the favorable physicochemical properties of the parent vegetable oil.
Thesis Overview
<p> </p><div> <b>INTRODUCTION</b></div><div><b>1.1 Preamble</b></div><div>Several countries in the world have put in place policies and plans to manage the disposal of degraded oil to protect their environment. Unfortunately the appropriate management of degraded oil is a common problem for many African countries, including Nigeria, where much of the wastes have negative environmental and human health risks because of inadequate systems for collection, storage, recycling, disposal etc. (Bamiro and Osibanjo, 2004).</div><div><br></div><div>A common trend in waste management in recent times is recycling of wastes. The benefits of recycling are: less waste, less pollution and a more prudent utilization of precious natural resources (Harrison, 1994). Recycling of used oils will not only reduce harmful wastes in the environment, but will also provide cheap alternative raw materials for industries, particularly the metal-based manufacturing industries.</div><div><br></div><div>In metal forming operations generally, friction has been identified as one of the important influential factors whose reduction is one of the main tasks in planning and realization of metal forming processes (Plancak<i>et al.</i>, 2012). Of all the methods currently available for reducing friction, the most effective and most employed way is lubrication of interfacial surfaces during deformation (Plancak<i>et al.</i>, 2012).</div><div><br></div><div>In conventional lubrication practices, the choice is often a mineral oil-based lubricant (Pettersson, 2006). Mineral oils used as lubricants have well-known properties and have been.....</div> <br><p></p>Blazingprojects Mobile App
📚 Over 50,000 Research Thesis
📱 100% Offline: No internet needed
📝 Over 98 Departments
🔍 Thesis-to-Journal Publication
🎓 Undergraduate/Postgraduate Thesis
📥 Instant Whatsapp/Email Delivery
Related Research
Microbiology.
2 min read
A Framework for Predicting Antibiotic Resistance Development in Clinical Bacteria...
This research aims to develop a helpful framework that can predict how bacteria that cause infections in hospitals and clinics become resistant to antibiotics. ...
BP
Blazingprojects
Medical Rehabilitati.
3 min read
A Framework for Patient-Centered Design in Remote Medical Rehabilitation Programs...
This research focuses on creating a practical framework to guide the design of remote medical rehabilitation programs that are centered around the needs and pre...
BP
Blazingprojects
Medical Laboratory S.
2 min read
A Framework for Standardizing Quality Control Practices in Clinical Laboratory Testi...
This research focuses on developing a clear and practical framework to standardize quality control practices in clinical laboratory testing. Quality control in ...
BP
Blazingprojects
Mechanical engineeri.
3 min read
A Framework for Parametric Modeling of Additive Manufacturing Mechanical Properties...
This research focuses on developing a systematic framework to model the mechanical properties of materials produced through additive manufacturing (AM), also kn...
BP
Blazingprojects
Mathematics.
3 min read
A Framework for Modeling Nonlinear Dynamics in Chaotic Systems...
This research aims to develop a comprehensive framework for understanding and modeling nonlinear dynamics in chaotic systems. Chaotic systems are complex system...
BP
Blazingprojects
Materials and Metall.
2 min read
A Framework for Predicting Corrosion Resistance in Aluminum Alloy Composites...
This research focuses on developing a structured way to predict how well aluminum alloy composites resist corrosion, which is a common challenge in many industr...
BP
Blazingprojects
Mass communication.
4 min read
A Framework for Analyzing the Impact of Social Media Influencers on Youth Political ...
This research examines how social media influencers affect the way young people engage with politics. In recent years, social media influencers—individuals wi...
BP
Blazingprojects
Marketing.
4 min read
A Framework for Integrating Social Media Engagement into Customer Loyalty Models...
This research explores how social media engagement influences customer loyalty, aiming to create a new framework that combines these two areas. Customer loyalty...
BP
Blazingprojects
Linguistics.
3 min read
A Framework for Analyzing Code-Switching as a Pragmatic Competence...
This research is focused on understanding how people switch between languages or dialects in everyday conversation, a phenomenon known as code-switching. Specif...
BP
Blazingprojects
