An analysis of the concept of negotiation and arbitration as methods of alternative dispute resolution in international law

• Title Page – – – – – – – – – i Declaration – – – – – – – – – ii Dedication – – – – – – – – – iii Certification – – – – – – – – – iv Acknowledgment – – – – – – – – v List of Statutes – – – – – – – – vi Table of Cases- – – – – – – – – viii Abstract – – – – – – – – – xiii Table of Contents – – – – – – – – xiv

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

• General Introduction
• 1.1Background to the Study – – – – – – 1
• 1.2Statement of the Problem – – – – – – 18
• 1.3Aims of Objective of Research – – – – – 20
• 1.4Scope of Research – – – – – – 22
• 1.5Methodology of Research – – – – – 23
• 1.6Literature Review – – – – – – – 24
• 1.7Limitation of Research – – – – – – 25
• 1.8Organizational Layout – – – – – – 26

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• Alternative Dispute Resolution
• 2.1Nature and scope of alternative dispute resolution – – 29
• 2.2Negotiated methods of A.D.R- – – – – 35
• 2.3Facilitated methods of A.D.R – – – – – 36
• 2.4Fact Finding ADR – – – – – – 37
• 2.5Advisory ADR – – – – – – 38
• 2.6Imposed ADR – – – – – – – 38
• 2.7The pros and cons of ADR Processes- – – – 39
• 2.8Types of Dispute Resolution Methods Under International Law – – – – – – 45
• 2.9The Development of ADR Under International Law – – 59

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• Concept of Negotiation as a Dispute Resolution Method
• 3.1Meaning of Negotiation – – – – – 62
• 3.2Nature and Characteristics – – – – – 64
• 3.3Scope of negotiation – – – – – – 66
• 3.4Type of Negotiation – – – – – – 69 3.
• 4.1Distributive/Co-operative Negotiation – – – 70 3.
• 4.2Integrative/Competitive Negotiation – – – – 71
• 3.5Reasons for Failure in Negotiation – – – – 79
• 3.6Attributes of a Good Negotiator – – – – 70
• 3.7Processes and Procedure for Negotiation – – – 88 3.
• 7.1Preparatory Phase – – – – – – 88 3.
• 7.2Information Gathering Phase – – – – – 93 3.
• 7.3Substantive Negotiation Phase – – – – 96 3.
• 7.4The Agreement Phase – – – – – – 98
• 3.8Enforcement/Applicability – – – – – 104

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

• Arbitration as a Dispute Resolution Mechanism
• 4.1Meaning and Scope of Arbitral Agreements – – – 108
• 4.2Requirements and forms of Arbitral Agreements – – 109
• 4.3Content of the Arbitral Agreement – – – 116 4.
• 3.1The Reference – – – – – – 116 4.
• 3.2The Parties – – – – – – – 124 4.
• 3.3The Arbitrators – – – – – – 128 4.
• 3.4Place of Arbitration – – – – – 129 4.
• 3.5Applicable Law – – – – – – 130 4.
• 3.6Arbitration Procedure – – – – – – 132 4.
• 3.7Language of Arbitration – – – – – 132
• 4.4Ousting Jurisdiction of Arbitral Tribunal – – – 132
• 4.5Time Limit in Arbitration – – – – – 135
• 4.6Number of arbitrators – – – – – – 136
• 4.7Appointment of Arbitrators – – – – – 139 4.
• 7.1Appointment of Sole Arbitrator in Domestic Arbitration – – – – – – 139 4.
• 7.2Appointment of Three Arbitrators in Domestic Arbitration – – – – – – 144 4.
• 7.3Appointment in International Arbitration – – – 147
• 4.8Qualities of Arbitrator- – – – – – 152 4.
• 8.1Qualification and Experience – – – – – 152 4.
• 8.2Independence – – – – – – – 155 4.
• 8.3Impartiality – – – – – – – 161
• 4.9Challenge and Replacement of Arbitrator – – – 164
• 4.10Termination of Arbitrator’s Mandate – – – – 167
• 4.11Jurisdiction of Arbitral Tribunal – – – – 168
• 4.12The Arbitration Rules – – – – – – 171
• 4.13Place of arbitration – – – – – – 175 4.
• 13.1Legal Consideration – – – – – – 176 4.
• 13.2Political Consideration – – – – – 176 4.
• 13.3Economic Consideration – – – – – 177 4.
• 13.4Provision of Facilities – – – – – – 177 4.
• 13.5Nationality of the Parties – – – – – 177
• 4.14Law and language of arbitration – – – – 178
• 4.15Pleadings and evidence – – – – – 182 4.
• 15.1Points of Claim – – – – – – 184 4.
• 15.2Default of Claimant – – – – – – 185 4.
• 15.3Points of Defence and Counter Claim – – – 185 4.
• 15.4Amendment of Claim or Defence – – – – 186 4.
• 15.5Evidence – – – – – – – 187
• 4.16Making of Award and Termination of Proceedings – – 189 4.
• 16.2Termination of Proceedings – – – – – 194
• 4.17Recourse against Award – – – – – 196
• 4.18Judicial intervention in arbitration. – – – – 199
• 4.19Enforcement of Awards – – – – – 205

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• 5.1Summary – – – – – – – 213
• 5.2Finding – – – – – – – 223
• 5.3Recommendation – – – – – – 232 Bibliography – – – – – – – 244