Geo Electrical Assessment of Groundwater Potentials of Some Parts of Orsu and Environs, South Eastern Nigeria | Blazingprojects Postgraduate Thesis
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Geo Electrical Assessment of Groundwater Potentials of Some Parts of Orsu and Environs, South Eastern Nigeria

 

Table Of Contents


  • TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page                                                                                                   iDeclaration                                                                                                 iiCertification                                                                                                         iii      Dedication                                                                                                 ivAcknowledgement                                                                                               vAbstract                                                                                                     viTable of Contents                                                                                       viiList of Figures                                                                                           xList of Plates                                                                                               xiList of Tables                                                                                             xii 

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  •   INTRODUCTION1.1     Background Information                                                                          
  • 11.2    Aim and Objectives                                                                           21.
  • 2.1Aim                                                                                                   21.
  • 2.2Objectives                                                                                        
  • 21.3    Location and Accessibility                                                              
  • 21.4    Justification of Study                                                                      
  • 51.5    Climate and Vegetation                                                                    
  • 51.6    Geological settings of the study area                                                 61.
  • 6.1Regional Geology                                                                                       61.
  • 6.2Local Geology of the study area                                                                 61.6.
  • 2.1Benin formation                                                                           61.6.
  • 2.2Ameki formation                                                                          
  • 71.7    Groundwater                                                                                    
  • 91.8    Porosity and Permeability                                                                 101.
  • 8.1Porosity                                                                                           101.
  • 8.2Permeability                                                                                    
  • 111.9    Aquifer and Aquiclude                                                                    
  • 121.10  Scope and Limitations of the study                                                
  • 131.11  Relief                                                                                                 14 

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  •   LITERATURE REVIEW2.1     Previous works                                                                                
  • 152.2    Review of Geoelectric techniques                                                     16 

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  •         MATERIALS AND METHOD3.1     Desk study                                                                                                 18    
  • 3.2    Reconnaissance survey                                                                    
  • 183.3    Detailed study                                                                                   183.4  Field equipment      

Thesis Abstract

ABSTRACT


In a bid to determine the groundwater potential of some parts Orsu and environs, which lies within latitude N5º53.858΄ to N5º47.572΄ and longitude E7º0.847΄ to E6º56.988΄, a total of ten (10) vertical electrical soundings were carried out. The study area belongs to the Anambra basin which is one of Nigeria’s most important hydrological basins. It is overlain  by  the Miocene to recent Benin formation and  Eocene Ameki formation.Equipment such as ABEM terrameter SAS 4000, 12volts battery, global positioning system (GPS), four electrodes, reel of cables, clip, hammer etc were used during the data acquisition  process and were processed  using  FORTRAN  2D Resistivity inversionSoftware. Moreso, Surfer 14 program was used to provide the transmissivity, hydraulicconductivity, diffusivity, and storativity maps, as the imaging pictures of the subsurfacein the form of contour maps. Results from the processed data revealed that the study areaconsist of top soil, sand, clayey sand and clay. Out of a total of 10 Vertical electricalsoundings obtained from selected locations in the study area, All VES points indicated a5-layer curve except VES 3 and VES 5 which have shown a 7-layer lithology. VES 2 and6 has shown KH curve type (i.e. ρ1< ρ2> ρ3> ρ4< ρ5 characteristic), VES 4, VES 7 andVES 8 has also shown HA (i.e. ρ1> ρ2< ρ3< ρ4< ρ5 characteristic). VES 1, VES 9 and VES10 have shown KA, AK & HK  curves  respectively.  However, from analyses made,greater part of the region is prolific (that is, high groundwater potential). The depth towater from VES 1 to VES 10 were estimated as 92.8m, 87.0m, 91.0m, 104.0m, 139.0m,139.93m, 214.0m, 137.0m, 67.0m, 37.0m respectively. Shallow aquifer systems wereencountered at areas such as Akwakuma Okporo, Okwuruokwuo Amannachi, UmualumIsiafor Ofeahia, Umuoka Asaa, and Amaruru , while deep aquifer systems were seen atareas such as Afor-Iduu Amaebu Ebenator, St. peters, Umuezeala Amaebu, Umuhu-Okabia,  Umucheke  Omuokabia  Awo-Idemili,  Uda  Orsu-Ihiteukwa.  Areas  such  asAmannachi, Ebenator, Amaebu and Isiafor ofeahia are highly prolific and have shownhigh level of transmissivity of about 3000 to 4000m2/day and high storativity rangingfrom 0.0004 to 0.00058. These areas have also shown high rate of diffusivity with valueranging from 5500000 to 8500000, except Amaebu which have shown very low level ofdiffusivity.Keywords Groundwater, Vertical Electrical Sounding, Transmissivity, HydraulicConductivity, Diffusivity, and Storativity



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