Assessment of Urban Heat Island Effect in a Developing City using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

Thesis Abstract

Abstract
Urban heat island (UHI) effect is a significant environmental issue that poses challenges to the sustainability and livability of cities, particularly in developing regions. This thesis presents a comprehensive assessment of the UHI effect in a developing city using remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The study focuses on understanding the spatial and temporal variations of UHI intensity, identifying contributing factors, and proposing mitigation strategies to alleviate its impacts. The research begins with a detailed introduction to the UHI phenomenon, highlighting its implications on urban climates, energy consumption, and public health. The background of the study provides context on the rapid urbanization and associated challenges faced by developing cities, emphasizing the need for effective UHI mitigation strategies. The problem statement underscores the urgency of addressing the UHI effect to enhance urban sustainability and resilience. The objectives of the study are outlined to investigate the spatial distribution of UHI intensity, analyze the factors influencing UHI formation, and assess the effectiveness of green infrastructure in mitigating the UHI effect. The limitations and scope of the study are clearly defined to establish the boundaries and constraints within which the research is conducted. The significance of the study lies in its potential to inform urban planning and policy-making towards creating healthier and more sustainable urban environments. The research methodology encompasses a comprehensive literature review to establish the theoretical framework for the study. Remote sensing and GIS techniques are utilized to collect, process, and analyze spatial data on land cover, land surface temperature, and urban morphology. The methodology also includes field surveys and statistical analysis to validate the remote sensing findings and assess the impact of green infrastructure on UHI mitigation. The discussion of findings presents a detailed analysis of the spatial patterns of UHI intensity in the study area, highlighting the role of land cover composition, impervious surfaces, and building density in UHI formation. The effectiveness of green infrastructure, such as parks, green roofs, and urban forests, in reducing UHI intensity is evaluated based on empirical data and modeling results. The implications of the findings for urban planning and design are discussed, emphasizing the importance of integrating green spaces into urban landscapes to enhance thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption. In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights into the assessment of UHI effect in a developing city using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on urban climate dynamics and offer practical recommendations for policymakers, urban planners, and environmental practitioners to address the challenges posed by the UHI effect. Future research directions are suggested to further explore the potential of green infrastructure in mitigating the UHI effect and enhancing urban sustainability. Keywords Urban heat island, Remote sensing, GIS, Developing city, Green infrastructure, Spatial analysis, Urban climate, Sustainability, Environmental impact.