EVALUATION OF CONSTRUCTION FORMWORK PRACTICES AND SAFETY ON PROJECTS IN NIGERIA

•        TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ....................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ vi ABSTRACT......................................................................................................... viii 

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

• ABOUT THIS THESIS ...................................................................1 
• 1.1Introduction.................................................................................................... 1 
• 1.2Research Objectives and Analysis Approach ................................................ 3 
• 1.3Reader’s Guide................................................................................................ 6CHAPTER TWO ELEVATED FORMWORK FAILURE DURING CONSTRUCTION..........................
• 72.1Definition of Elevated Formwork............................................................... 7 
• 2.2Criteria of Formwork ....................................................................................... 8 2.
• 2.1Design Regulations...................................................................................... 8 2.
• 2.2Construction and Safety Regulations......................................................... 10 2.
• 2.3Sequences of Concrete Placement ............................................................ 11 
• 2.3Case Study: Formwork Failures during Concrete Construction..................... 13 2.
• 3.1Formwork Failures in South Korea............................................................ 13 2.
• 3.2Main Causes of Formwork Failures............................................................ 14CHAPTER THREE...............................................................................................17 3 INVESTIGATION ON ELEVATED FORMWORK DURING CONSTRUCTION...17 
• 3.1Analysis of Low-clearance Elevated Formwork............................................ 17 3.
• 1.1Overview of Field Survey .......................................................................... 17 3.
• 1.2Field Investigation....................................................................................... 20 3.1.
• 2.1Present status for construction ...............................................................20 3.1.
• 2.2Sequence of placing fresh concrete........................................................22 3.
• 1.3Summary .................................................................................................... 23 
• 3.2Analysis of High-clearance Elevated Formwork............................................ 24 3.
• 2.1Overview of an Interview.............................................................................. 24 3.
• 2.2Questionnaire Survey................................................................................. 25 3.2.
• 2.1Present status for construction ................................................................25 3.2.
• 2.2Sequence of placing fresh concrete.........................................................29 3.
• 2.3Overview of Field Survey ........................................................................... 31 3.
• 2.4Field Investigation....................................................................................... 33 3.2.
• 4.1Present status for construction ................................................................33 3.2.
• 4.2Sequence of placing fresh concrete.........................................................37 3.
• 2.5Summary .................................................................................................... 38 

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

• ..................................................................................................39
• 4.0IMPORTANCE OF THE SEQUENCE OF CONCRETE PLACEMENT..........39 
• 4.1Problem Analysis......................................................................................... 39 
• 4.2Simplified Structural Analysis......................................................................... 41 
• 4.3Proposed Improvements for Construction .................................................... 45 
• 4.4Summary........................................................................................................ 45 

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• .....................................................................................................48
• 5.0CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..........................................48 
• 5.1Conclusions................................................................................................... 48 
• 5.2Recommendations........................................................................................ 49 APPENDIX A MEASURED DATA FOR THE SPACING OF SHORES ..............................................................................................................................50 B MEASURED DATA FOR THE INCLINATION OF SHORES..............................72 LIST OF REFERENCES......................................................................................74 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ..................................................................................76