Studies on antianaemic potential of methanol extract of red creole onions (allium cepa) in phenylhydrazine-induced haemolytic anaemia in rats

Thesis Abstract

Abstract
Haemolytic anaemia is a condition characterized by the premature destruction of red blood cells leading to a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. In this study, the antianaemic potential of methanol extract of red creole onions (Allium cepa) was investigated in phenylhydrazine-induced haemolytic anaemia in rats. Phenylhydrazine is a potent oxidizing agent that causes oxidative damage to red blood cells leading to haemolysis. Rats were divided into different groups and treated with phenylhydrazine to induce haemolytic anaemia. The rats were then administered varying doses of methanol extract of red creole onions for a specific duration. Blood samples were collected to evaluate haematological parameters such as haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, and hematocrit levels. Additionally, markers of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were assessed in the blood samples. The results of the study revealed that treatment with methanol extract of red creole onions significantly increased the haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, and hematocrit levels in phenylhydrazine-induced anaemic rats. Furthermore, the extract demonstrated antioxidant properties by reducing malondialdehyde levels and enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Histopathological analysis of the liver and spleen tissues also showed a protective effect of the methanol extract of red creole onions against phenylhydrazine-induced damage. The extract appeared to mitigate the oxidative stress and inflammation in these tissues, further supporting its potential in the management of haemolytic anaemia. The findings of this study suggest that the methanol extract of red creole onions possesses antianaemic properties, potentially attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Further investigations into the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these effects are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of red creole onions in the management of haemolytic anaemia, highlighting its significance as a natural remedy for this condition.