Assessment of the relationship between some trace elements and antioxidant enzymes in under-five children with protein- energy malnutrition | Blazingprojects Postgraduate Thesis
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Assessment of the relationship between some trace elements and antioxidant enzymes in under-five children with protein- energy malnutrition

 

Table Of Contents


Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1Introduction
  • 1.2Background of Study
  • 1.3Problem Statement
  • 1.4Objective of Study
  • 1.5Limitation of Study
  • 1.6Scope of Study
  • 1.7Significance of Study
  • 1.8Structure of the Research
  • 1.9Definition of Terms

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1Overview of Trace Elements
  • 2.2Importance of Antioxidant Enzymes
  • 2.3Protein-Energy Malnutrition in Under-Five Children
  • 2.4Relationship between Trace Elements and Antioxidant Enzymes
  • 2.5Studies on Trace Elements and Antioxidant Enzymes in Children
  • 2.6Impact of Protein-Energy Malnutrition on Trace Elements
  • 2.7Impact of Protein-Energy Malnutrition on Antioxidant Enzymes
  • 2.8Methods for Assessing Trace Elements
  • 2.9Methods for Assessing Antioxidant Enzymes
  • 2.10Current Understanding of the Relationship

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1Research Design
  • 3.2Sampling Techniques
  • 3.3Data Collection Methods
  • 3.4Data Analysis Procedures
  • 3.5Ethical Considerations
  • 3.6Reliability and Validity
  • 3.7Research Limitations
  • 3.8Research Assumptions

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • 4.1Overview of Findings
  • 4.2Analysis of Trace Element Levels
  • 4.3Analysis of Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
  • 4.4Comparison with Previous Studies
  • 4.5Factors Influencing Results
  • 4.6Discussion on Implications
  • 4.7Recommendations for Further Research
  • 4.8Conclusion of Findings

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

  • 5.1Summary of Research
  • 5.2Key Findings Recap
  • 5.3Conclusion and Interpretation
  • 5.4Implications for Practice
  • 5.5Recommendations for Policy

Thesis Abstract

Assessment of the relationship between some trace elements and antioxidant enzymes was carried out on 98 under-five children with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and 98 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy children (control). The malnourished children involve those with Marasmus, Kwashiorkor and Marasmic-kwashiorkor. Venous blood (2ml) was collected from both PEM children and control for biochemical analysis using standard methods. Results obtained show that mean serum total protein (55.76±3.95) and albumin (26.43±2.78) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (1.87±0.32) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (42.38±5.03) activities in malnourished children were significantly lower.

Thesis Overview

<p> </p><p><strong>INTRODUCTION</strong></p><p><strong>1.1 Background of the Study</strong></p><p>Severe malnutrition is common among developing countries both in rural and urban areas <strong>(</strong>Psaki <em>et al., </em>2012)<strong>.</strong>It is responsible for at least half of the 7.6 million child‟sdeaths each year indeveloping countries (Park <em>et al.,</em>&nbsp;2012). Children who are poorly nourished suffer up to 160 days of illness each year <strong>(</strong>UNICEF, 2008). Malnutrition magnifies the effects of every disease, including measles and malaria. The estimated proportions of deaths in which malnutrition is an underlying cause are diarrhoea (61%), malaria (57%), pneumonia (52%) and measles (45%) (Black <em>et al.,</em>&nbsp;2003). Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is one of the most prevalent and devastating forms of malnutrition in the world (Whitney and Rolfes, 2008).</p> <br><p></p>

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