Exploring the role of microRNAs in regulating gene expression in cancer cells

Thesis Abstract

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play crucial roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding how miRNAs are involved in regulating gene expression in cancer cells. This thesis aims to explore the role of miRNAs in the context of cancer biology, specifically focusing on their impact on gene expression regulation. The introductory chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the background of the study, highlighting the significance of miRNAs in cancer research. The problem statement identifies the gaps in current knowledge regarding the specific mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate gene expression in cancer cells. The objectives of the study are outlined, aiming to investigate the specific miRNAs involved, their target genes, and the downstream effects on cancer cell behavior. Chapter two presents a detailed literature review encompassing ten key aspects related to miRNAs and cancer. This includes the biogenesis of miRNAs, their role in cancer development and progression, and the potential clinical implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Chapter three describes the research methodology employed in this study, including the selection of cell lines, experimental techniques for miRNA profiling, and bioinformatic analysis of miRNA-gene interactions. Additionally, the chapter details the validation methods used to confirm the regulatory effects of miRNAs on gene expression. In chapter four, the findings of the study are extensively discussed, focusing on the specific miRNAs identified as key regulators of gene expression in cancer cells. The downstream effects on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis are analyzed, providing insights into the functional relevance of these miRNAs in cancer biology. The concluding chapter summarizes the key findings of the study and discusses their implications for future research directions in the field of miRNAs and cancer. The limitations of the study are acknowledged, highlighting areas for further investigation. Finally, the significance of this research in advancing our understanding of miRNA-mediated gene regulation in cancer cells is emphasized. Overall, this thesis contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the role of miRNAs in cancer biology, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms by which these small RNA molecules modulate gene expression to influence cancer cell behavior.