Exploring the role of microRNAs in regulating gene expression in cancer cells

Thesis Abstract

Abstract
The dysregulation of gene expression plays a critical role in the development and progression of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have emerged as key regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. This thesis aims to explore the role of miRNAs in regulating gene expression in cancer cells, with a focus on understanding how these small RNAs contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer pathogenesis. Chapter One provides an introduction to the topic, presenting the background of the study, the problem statement, objectives, limitations, scope, significance, structure of the thesis, and definitions of key terms. The introduction sets the stage for the subsequent chapters by highlighting the importance of studying miRNAs in cancer biology. Chapter Two consists of a comprehensive literature review that examines existing research on miRNAs and their involvement in cancer. This chapter discusses the current understanding of miRNA biogenesis, function, and dysregulation in cancer cells. Furthermore, it explores the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. Chapter Three details the research methodology employed in this study. It includes descriptions of the experimental techniques used to investigate the expression profiles of miRNAs in various cancer cell lines. Additionally, this chapter outlines the bioinformatics tools and databases utilized for data analysis and interpretation. Chapter Four presents a detailed discussion of the findings obtained from the experimental and bioinformatics analyses. The results shed light on the specific miRNAs that are differentially expressed in cancer cells compared to normal cells. Furthermore, this chapter delves into the potential target genes of these dysregulated miRNAs and their functional implications in cancer development. Chapter Five provides a conclusion and summary of the thesis, summarizing the key findings and their implications for cancer research. This chapter also discusses the limitations of the study and suggests directions for future research in the field of miRNA-mediated gene regulation in cancer. In conclusion, this thesis contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the role of miRNAs in cancer biology. By elucidating the intricate regulatory networks controlled by miRNAs in cancer cells, this study offers insights that may pave the way for the development of novel diagnostic tools and targeted therapies for cancer patients.