Effect of methanolic leaf extract on acalypha wilkesiana on weight parameters in paracetamol induced hepatoxicity in male rats

Thesis Abstract

Abstract
Acalypha wilkesiana, a commonly found medicinal plant, has been traditionally used for its therapeutic properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of methanolic leaf extract of Acalypha wilkesiana on weight parameters in male rats with paracetamol-induced hepatoxicity. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups Group I (Control), Group II (Paracetamol), Group III (Paracetamol + Silymarin), Group IV (Paracetamol + Low dose of Acalypha wilkesiana extract), and Group V (Paracetamol + High dose of Acalypha wilkesiana extract). Hepatoxicity was induced in Groups II-V by administering paracetamol (2g/kg) for 7 days. The rats in Groups III, IV, and V were co-administered with either Silymarin or Acalypha wilkesiana extract at different doses. Changes in body weight, liver weight, and relative liver weight were monitored throughout the study. The results showed a significant decrease in body weight in rats in Group II compared to the control group, indicating the development of hepatoxicity. However, treatment with Silymarin (Group III) and Acalypha wilkesiana extract (Groups IV and V) reversed this effect, with a significant improvement in body weight observed in a dose-dependent manner. The relative liver weight also decreased in Groups III, IV, and V compared to Group II, further supporting the hepatoprotective effects of the extract. Histopathological examination of liver tissues confirmed the protective effects of Acalypha wilkesiana extract, showing reduced liver damage, inflammation, and necrosis in Groups IV and V compared to Group II. Additionally, biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in liver enzymes such as ALT, AST, and ALP in Groups III, IV, and V compared to Group II, indicating improved liver function. In conclusion, methanolic leaf extract of Acalypha wilkesiana demonstrated hepatoprotective effects in male rats with paracetamol-induced hepatoxicity. The extract improved weight parameters, reduced liver damage, and restored liver function in a dose-dependent manner. These findings support the traditional use of Acalypha wilkesiana as a potential therapeutic agent for liver disorders. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of its hepatoprotective effects.