OUTPUT, PROXIMATE COMPOSITION, CARBON TO NITROGEN RATIO AND ENERGY VALUE OF BROILER AND CAGED LAYERS LITTERS
Table Of Contents
Chapter ONE
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1Introduction
- 1.2Background of Study
- 1.3Problem Statement
- 1.4Objective of Study
- 1.5Limitation of Study
- 1.6Scope of Study
- 1.7Significance of Study
- 1.8Structure of the Research
- 1.9Definition of Terms
Chapter TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1Overview of Literature Review
- 2.2Conceptual Framework
- 2.3Previous Studies on Broiler and Caged Layers Litters
- 2.4Nutrient Content in Poultry Litter
- 2.5Environmental Impact of Poultry Litter
- 2.6Management Practices for Poultry Litter
- 2.7Value of Poultry Litter as a Resource
- 2.8Challenges in Poultry Litter Management
- 2.9Innovations in Poultry Litter Management
- 2.10Future Trends in Poultry Litter Research
Chapter THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1Research Methodology Overview
- 3.2Research Design and Approach
- 3.3Sampling Techniques and Data Collection
- 3.4Data Analysis Methods
- 3.5Measurement Instruments
- 3.6Ethical Considerations
- 3.7Validity and Reliability
- 3.8Limitations of the Methodology
Chapter FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
- 4.1Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.2Broiler Litter Findings
- 4.3Caged Layers Litter Findings
- 4.4Comparison of Results
- 4.5Discussion on Nutrient Content
- 4.6Analysis of Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio
- 4.7Evaluation of Energy Value
- 4.8Implications of Findings
Chapter FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- 5.1Summary of Findings
- 5.2Conclusion
- 5.3Recommendations for Future Research
- 5.4Practical Implications
- 5.5Contribution to Knowledge
Thesis Abstract
Studies were carried out to examine the output, proximate composition, carbon to nitrogen ratio and energy value of poultry litter. Excreta was collected from broiler chicken and caged layers. Excreta collected was subjected to gross chemical analysis and gross energy determination. The results showed the output of broilers to be 154g per bird per day while that of layer was 86.5g.Result obtained from the proximate analysis of the broiler and layer litters showed that broiler litter had a moisture content of 31.79% (68.1% dry matter), 10.06% crude protein, 6.1% ether extract, 16.62% crude fibre, 18% ash and 15.90% nitrogen free extract whereas layer litter had 29.06% moisture content (70.94% dry matter), 8.54% crude protein, 5.5% ether extract, 12.5% crude fibre, 23.75% ash, 20.65% nitrogen free extract on dry matter basis while on fresh basis (wet basis) broiler had 6.87% crude protein, 12.31% ash, 11.30% crude fibre, 4.16% ether extract and 10.83% nitrogen free extract whereas layer had 6.06% crude protein, 16.70% ash, 8.88% crude fibre, 3.90% ether extract and 14.93% nitrogen free extract. The average gross energy of broiler litters was 7.61MJ/kg while that of layer was 6.40MJ/kg, the carbon to nitrogen ratio of broiler litter was 17.53 while that of layer litter was 19.27 (on dry matter basis). On fresh basis the average gross energy of broiler litter was 5.19MJ/kg and that of layer was 4.36MJ/kg, the carbon to ratio of broiler was 11.92 while that of layer was 13.14.
Thesis Overview
<p> </p><p>Title page — – – – – – – – – – – i </p><p>Declaration — – – – – – – – – – -ii</p><p>Approval page — – – – – – – – – – -iii</p><p>Dedication — – – – – – – – – – -iv</p><p>Acknowledgement — – – – – – – – – -v </p><p>Table of content — – – – – – – – – -vi Abstract — – – – – – – – – – – -vii</p> <br><p></p>Blazingprojects Mobile App
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