Thesis Abstract

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play crucial roles in gene regulation and have been implicated in various biological processes, including cancer development. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked to the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the specific roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of cancer, focusing on their mechanisms of action and potential clinical implications. Chapter One provides an introduction to the study, including background information on miRNAs, the problem statement, objectives, limitations, scope, significance, and the structure of the thesis. The definitions of key terms related to the study are also outlined. Chapter Two comprises a comprehensive literature review that covers ten key aspects related to miRNAs in cancer pathogenesis. This includes an overview of miRNA biogenesis, their functions in cancer, dysregulation mechanisms, and potential therapeutic applications. Chapter Three details the research methodology employed in this study, including the selection of cancer types for analysis, sample collection, miRNA profiling techniques, data analysis methods, and statistical approaches. Other aspects such as ethical considerations and potential biases are also discussed. Chapter Four presents the findings of the study, highlighting the specific roles of selected miRNAs in different types of cancer. The analysis includes the identification of differentially expressed miRNAs, their target genes, signaling pathways affected, and potential clinical implications of these findings. In Chapter Five, the conclusions drawn from the study are summarized, emphasizing the significance of miRNAs in cancer pathogenesis and the potential for miRNA-based therapies. The implications of the findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed, along with recommendations for further studies in this field. Overall, this thesis sheds light on the critical roles of miRNAs in cancer pathogenesis, providing valuable insights into their mechanisms of action and potential applications in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on miRNA biology and its implications for cancer research and treatment.

Thesis Overview

The project titled "Investigation of the Role of MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Cancer" aims to explore the intricate relationship between microRNAs and cancer development. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In recent years, research has highlighted the significant impact of dysregulated microRNA expression patterns on various aspects of cancer biology, including tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. The study will delve into the specific mechanisms through which dysregulated microRNAs contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. By examining the aberrant expression patterns of microRNAs in different cancer types, the project seeks to identify key microRNAs that serve as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response prediction. Additionally, the project will investigate the functional roles of specific microRNAs in promoting or inhibiting cancer progression through the regulation of target genes involved in critical cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Through a comprehensive literature review, the project will provide a detailed analysis of existing knowledge regarding the role of microRNAs in cancer pathogenesis. This review will encompass studies on the diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNAs in various cancer types, as well as the therapeutic potential of targeting dysregulated microRNAs for cancer treatment. Furthermore, the research methodology will involve experimental approaches such as cell culture studies, molecular biology techniques, and bioinformatics analyses to validate the functional significance of identified microRNAs in cancer development. The findings of this study are expected to contribute significantly to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer pathogenesis and aid in the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer management. By elucidating the regulatory roles of microRNAs in cancer progression, this project has the potential to uncover new opportunities for precision medicine approaches that target specific microRNA signatures in individual cancer patients. Ultimately, the project aims to advance our knowledge of the complex interplay between microRNAs and cancer pathogenesis, paving the way for improved patient outcomes and personalized cancer care.