Thesis Abstract

**Abstract
** Urban heat islands (UHIs) are a critical issue affecting major cities worldwide, leading to adverse environmental and socio-economic impacts. This thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of UHIs in major cities through the utilization of advanced remote sensing techniques. The study aims to understand the spatial and temporal patterns of UHIs, identify contributing factors, and propose mitigation strategies to address this urban heat phenomenon. The research methodology involves the collection and analysis of satellite imagery data, land surface temperature measurements, weather data, and urban morphology parameters. A detailed literature review is conducted to explore the existing knowledge on UHIs, remote sensing applications, and urban climate studies. The study identifies ten key factors influencing UHIs, including land cover types, impervious surfaces, green spaces, building densities, and atmospheric conditions. Through the application of remote sensing techniques, such as thermal infrared imagery and spectral analysis, the research provides insights into the extent and intensity of UHIs in major cities. The findings reveal the spatial distribution of UHIs, the variation in temperature gradients, and the impact of urban form on heat island formation. Furthermore, the study examines the relationship between UHIs and urban heat exposure, highlighting the vulnerability of populations living in heat-prone areas. The discussion of findings emphasizes the importance of sustainable urban planning and design strategies to mitigate UHIs. Recommendations include the implementation of green infrastructure, cool roof technologies, and urban heat mitigation policies. The study underscores the significance of interdisciplinary approaches to address UHIs, involving collaboration between urban planners, environmental scientists, policymakers, and community stakeholders. In conclusion, the thesis provides a holistic understanding of UHIs in major cities and offers practical solutions to reduce the adverse effects of urban heat islands. The research contributes to the field of urban climate studies and remote sensing applications, highlighting the potential of technology-driven approaches to enhance urban resilience and sustainability in the face of climate change challenges. Keywords Urban Heat Islands, Remote Sensing Techniques, Land Surface Temperature, Urban Climate, Sustainable Urban Planning.

Thesis Overview