TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION............................................................................................iii

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..............................................................................iv

 ABSTRACT..................................................................................................vi 

LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................x 

LIST OF FIGURES .....................................................................................xi

 ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................................xii

Chapter ONE

1. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................1 

1.1 Background..........................................................................................1 

1.2 Statement of the problem......................................................................3 

1.3 Research Questions.............................................................................3 

1.4 Objective of Research ........................................................................4 

1.4.1 General Objective .............................................................................4 

1.4.2 Specific Objectives ............................................................................4 

1.5 The significance of the Research ........................................................4 

1.6 The scope of the Research ...................................................................5 

1.7 Limitation of the Study ............................................................,.............5 

1.8 Outline of the Thesis...........................................................................................................5 

Chapter TWO

2. LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................................................6 

2.2 Why Recycled Concrete Aggregate? ...............................................6 

2.3 Recycling Procedures for Recycled Aggregate................................7 

2.4 Environmental Problems of Construction and Demolition Wastes .......................................-.9 

2.5 Properties of Recycled Concrete Aggregate ...................................9 

2.5.1 Physical Properties of Recycled Concrete Aggregate.......................9 

2.5.2 Chemical Properties of Recycled Concrete Aggregate ..................10 

2.6 Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete .................................11 

2.6.1 Fresh Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete ........................11 

2.6.2 Hardened Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete..................12 

2.7 The Practice of Using Recycled Aggregate in Selected Countries.........-....................................................................................19 

2.8.1 Introduction................................................................................................19 

2.9 Why is recycling Waste Glass needed? .............................................19 

2.10 Problem encountered during Recycling of Waste Glass.....................20

 2.11 Properties of Waste Glass Powder.................................................20 

2.11.1 Physical Properties of Waste Glass Powder...............................20 

2.11.2 Chemical Properties of Waste Glass Powder................................21 

Materials.................................................................................................21 

2.13 Waste Glass Powder (WGP) as Pozzolanic Material......................22 

2.14 Properties of Concrete Containing Recycled Aggregate and Waste Glass Powder..................................................................................22 

2.14.1 Effects of Waste Glass Powder on Fresh Properties RAC............22 

2.14.2 Effects of Waste Glass Powder on Hardened Properties of RAC...............................................................................................23 

2.15 The practice of Recycling Glass Waste in Some Selected Countries........................................................................................23 

2.16 Environmental Problems of Waste Glass.....................................28 

Chapter THREE

3. METHODOLOGY ...............................................................................29

 3.1 Introduction.........................................................................................29 

3.2 Formulation of Combination Method ................................................29 

3.3 Experimental Setup............................................................................30 

3.4 Material Preparation and Testing Methods.....................................31 

3.4.1 Material Preparation and Tests ........................................................31 

3.4.2 Chemical Test .......................................................................32 

3.5 Mix Proportion of Concrete Mixes......................................................32 

3.6 Concrete Casting and Curing ...........................................................32 

3.7 Compressive Strength Testing ...........................................................32 

3.8 Method of Data Analysis of test results........................................32 

3.9 Conclusion and Future Recommendation .......................................33

Chapter FOUR

4. EXPERIMENTAL WORK...................................................................34 

4.1 Physical Properties of Recycled Concrete Aggregate........................34 

4.2 Physical Properties of Natural Coarse and Fine Aggregates ............36 

4.3 Waste Glass Powder .......................................................................40 

4.3.1 Preparation of Waste Glass Powder.............................................40 

4.3.2 Chemical Properties........................................................................41 

4.4 Mix Proportioning of Different Concrete Mixes .................................43 

Chapter FIVE

5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS...........................................................44 

5.1 Workability of Concrete Mixes Containing RCA and WGP .................44 

5.2 Hardened Properties (Compressive Strength) of Concrete Containing RCA and WGP.................................................................................48 

5.3 Statistical Analysis.......................................................................54 

5.3.1 Factorial ANOVA............................................................................55 

5.3.2 Hypothesis Formulation and Testing of Factorial ANOVA ...............55 

5.3.3 Analysis of Main Effect and Interaction Effect for Compressive Strength .............................................................................................56 

5.3.4 Post-hoc Test...................................................................................60 

5.4 Cost Analysis............................................................................................61 

CHAPTER SIX.....................................................................................66

6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.....................................66 

6.1 Conclusion ..........................................................................................66 

6.2 Recommendation ......................................................................67 

6.3 Further Study Areas..............................................................................68

 REFERENCES........................................................................................69 

 APPENDICES.........................................................................................74