TABLE OF CONTENTS 

COVER PAGE ....................................................................................................................i 

DEDICATION....................................................................................................................ii 

CERTIFICATION .............................................................................................................iv 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................v 

ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................vi 

LIST OF FIGURES ...........................................................................................................xi 

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS OF TERMS................................................................xii 

ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................ xiii 

Chapter ONE

1.2. Statement of the Problem......................................................................................3 

1.3. Objectives of the Study .........................................................................................4 

1.4. Research Questions...............................................................................................4 

1.5. Hypotheses............................................................................................................5 

1.6. Significance of the Study ......................................................................................5 

1.7. Scope of the Study ................................................................................................6 

Chapter TWO

2.2. Theoretical frame work .........................................................................................7 

2.3. General Instructional Materials...........................................................................10 

2.3.1. Categories of instruction materials and resources...............................................10 

2.3.2. Instructional resources for primary and secondary schools...............................12 

2.4. Concept of Audio-visual aids..............................................................................13 

2.5.1. Television............................................................................................................14 

2.5.2. How to Teach with Television ............................................................................15 

2.5.3. Computer image Projection................................................................................16 

2.5.4. Internet ................................................................................................................17

 2.5.5. Video-tape recorder.............................................................................................18 

2.6. The Importance of Audio-visual aids in Teaching-Learning Process.................19 

2.7. Academic Achievement ......................................................................................21 

2.8. Concept of Comprehension.................................................................................22 

2.9. Concept of Demonstration ..................................................................................22 

2.10. Concept of Cooperation ......................................................................................23 

2.11. Empirical Studies................................................................................................23

 Summary...........................................................................................................................27 

Chapter THREE

3.2. Research Design..................................................................................................28 

3.3. Population ...........................................................................................................29 

3.4. Sample and Sampling Procedure ........................................................................29 

3.5. Instrumentation ...................................................................................................30

3.5.1. Validity................................................................................................................30

 3.5.2. Reliability............................................................................................................31 

3.6. Data Gathering Procedures .................................................................................31 

3.7. Statistical Analysis Procedure.............................................................................32 

Chapter FOUR

4.2. Data analysis .......................................................................................................33 

4.3. Major Findings....................................................................................................37 

4.4. Contribution to knowledge..................................................................................37 

4.5. Discussions of the Findings ................................................................................38 

Chapter FIVE

5.2. Summary .............................................................................................................41 

5.3. Conclusions.........................................................................................................41 

5.4. Recommendations...............................................................................................42 

5.5. Suggestions for further studies............................................................................43