1. Introduction
  1.1 Background and significance of the study
  1.2 Research objectives
  1.3 Research questions
2. Literature Review
  2.1 Definition and components of abstract thinking
  2.2 Theoretical frameworks on abstract thinking development
  2.3 The role of art education in fostering abstract thinking
3. Methodology
  3.1 Research design
  3.2 Data collection methods
  3.3 Sample selection
  3.4 Data analysis techniques
4. Findings and Analysis
  4.1 Analysis of survey results
  4.2 Observations of art classes and student artwork
  4.3 Comparison of findings with existing literature
5. Discussion
  5.1 Implications of the findings
  5.2 Limitations of the study
  5.3 Recommendations for future research