TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. i
CERTIFICATION PAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ii
APPROVAL PAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. iii
DEDICATION .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .. .. .. .. .. .. .. v
ABSTRACT .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .. .. .. .. .. .. .. vii
LIST OF TABLES .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. viii
LIST OF FIGURES .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ix
Chapter ONE
: INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1
1.1 Background Of The Study .. .. .. .. .. .. 1
1.1.1 Effects Of Cassava Toxic Chemicals On Nigerians .. .. 3
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .. .. .. .. 4
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY .. .. .. .. .. 4
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY .. .. .. .. .. 5
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS .. .. .. .. .. 5
Chapter TWO
: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW .. .. .. .. .. .. 7
2.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF CASSAVA .. .. .. .. 7
2.1.1 Varieties Of Cassava .. .. .. .. .. .. 8
2.1.2 Climate, Soil Requirement And Cultivation .. .. .. 9
2.2 CASSAVA PROCESSING .. .. .. .. .. 9
2.2.1 Cassava Wastewater .. .. .. .. .. .. 10
2.2.2 Characteristics Of Cassava Wastewater .. .. .. 10
2.3 TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR CASSAVA WASTEWATER 12
2.3.1 Aerobic Treatment .. .. .. .. .. .. 13
2.3.2 Anaerobic Lagoon/Digestion Treatment .. .. .. 13
2.3.3 Aerated Lagoon .. .. .. .. .. .. 13
2.4 ODOUR IN FERMENTED CASSAVA WASTE WATER .. 14
2.4.1 Factors Affecting Odour Development .. .. .. 14
2.4.3 Odour Measurements .. .. .. .. .. .. 15
2.5.1 Preparation Of Cyanide .. .. .. .. .. 17
2.5.2 Reactions .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17
2.5.3 Cyanide In Form Of Alkalis .. .. .. .. .. 18
2.5.4 Toxicity And Effect Of Cyanide On Health .. .. .. 18
2.5.5 Case Of Cyanide Industry Accident .. .. .. .. 20
2.5.6 Economic Importance Of Cyanide .. .. .. .. 20
2.5.7 Destruction Of Hydrogen Cyanide .. .. .. .. 20
2.5.8 Harmful Effects Of Cyanide Liberated From Linamarin .. 20
2.5.9 Effect Of Cassava Processing On Cyanide Level .. .. 22
2.6 Analytical Methods And Treatment Technology .. .. 24
2.7.1 Assumptions of Parametric Statistics .. .. .. .. 27
2.7.2 Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) .. .. .. .. 27
2.7.3 Dependent And Independent Variables .. .. .. 29
2.7.4 Limitations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29
2.8.1 Level Of Significance .. .. .. .. .. .. 30
2.9 Regression Analysis .. .. .. .. .. .. 30
Chapter THREE
: MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY .. .. .. 32
3.1 DATA COLLECTION .. .. .. .. .. 32
3.2 METHOD OF ANALYSIS .. .. .. .. .. 32
3.4 PRINCIPLES OF ANOVA .. .. .. .. .. 33
3.4.1 Steps For One – Way ANOVA .. .. .. .. 33
3.5 THE SCHEFFÉ’S TEST .. .. .. .. .. 34
3.6 SIMPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS .. .. .. 35
Chapter FOUR
: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .. .. .. .. 36
4.1 Presentation And Discussion Of Laboratory Results .. .. 36
4.2 Data Analysis And Discussion Of Results .. .. .. 36
4.3. Graph of K values for Coliform .. .. .. .. 44
Chapter FIVE
: CONCLUSION / RECOMMENDATION
5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION .. .. 45
Reference
ABSTRACT
This project, compared three different oxidizing agents in the reduction of cyanide content of cassava wastewater in order to facilitate cassava wastewater degradation. Analysis of Variance was used to verify if there is a significant difference on their rates of reaction with cyanide. A second test using the ScheffΓ© law was carried out to further investigate which of them reacts faster with cyanide if at all there is a significant difference on rates of reaction of Sodium Hydroxide, Chlorine and Water with cyanide. Some parameters like BOD5, Cyanide, COD and Coliform were analyzed also to support the investigation. From the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) is a better oxidizing agent for cassava wastewater pre β treatment since it results in greater removal of BOD5.
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