Project Abstract

Abstract
The pre-colonial political system in Hausa-Fulani land is a topic of significant historical interest and importance. This research project delves into the intricate political structures and dynamics that governed the Hausa-Fulani societies prior to the arrival of colonial powers. The study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the governance systems, administrative arrangements, power structures, and decision-making processes that characterized the pre-colonial era in the Hausa-Fulani region. By drawing on a range of historical sources, including oral traditions, written accounts, and scholarly works, this research sheds light on the diverse political institutions that existed in Hausa-Fulani societies. It explores how power was distributed among various social groups, such as the ruling elite, warrior classes, and commoners, and examines the roles and responsibilities of different political actors within the traditional governance framework. Furthermore, the study investigates the mechanisms of authority and control that were employed to maintain social order and resolve conflicts within the community. An important aspect of this research is the examination of the role of traditional rulers, such as emirs, sultans, and district heads, in the pre-colonial political system. These hereditary leaders wielded considerable influence and held sway over their respective domains, playing a central role in the administration of justice, arbitration of disputes, and mobilization of resources for communal projects. The study also considers the religious dimension of governance in Hausa-Fulani societies, highlighting the intersection of Islamic beliefs and practices with political institutions and decision-making processes. Moreover, this research project investigates the economic foundations of the pre-colonial political system in Hausa-Fulani land. It analyzes the agrarian economy, trade networks, and taxation systems that sustained the political authorities and facilitated wealth distribution within the society. By exploring the economic factors that shaped power relations and social hierarchies, the study offers insights into the material basis of political authority in the pre-colonial era. In conclusion, this research contributes to our understanding of the pre-colonial political system in Hausa-Fulani land by examining the complex interplay of political, social, economic, and religious factors that characterized traditional governance structures in the region. By illuminating the historical roots of Hausa-Fulani political institutions, this study provides valuable insights into the enduring legacies of the past that continue to influence contemporary dynamics in the region.

Project Overview

INTRODUCTION

The Hausa land, before 1804, was made up of fourteen towns grouped into two. The first group of seven was called Hausa Bakwai while the other group of seven was balled Banza Bakwai. The Fulani took over the political leadership of the Hausa or Habe states in the early 19th century. The Jihad that preceded this occupation was seen as religious as well as political. Othman Dan Fodio led the Fulani Jihad and took over the political leadership of the Hausa/Habe and established the Sokoto caliphate with outstanding centralized political system of government. He introduced a new system of selecting andppointing rulers described as Emirs to rule the caliphate. Each of the Emirs owed allegiance to Dan Fodio and his two representatives at Sokoto and Gwandu. The Fulanis settled in Hausa land and intermarried with the Hausa people after conquering them and this was how the name Hausa-Fulani came about.