<p> Table of Contents<br><br>1. Introduction<br> 1.1 Background on solid waste management<br> 1.2 Problem statement<br> 1.3 Objectives of the study<br><br>2. Literature Review<br> 2.1 Life cycle assessment of landfilling<br> 2.2 Life cycle assessment of incineration<br> 2.3 Life cycle assessment of mechanical biological treatment<br> 2.4 Life cycle assessment of anaerobic digestion<br> 2.5 Life cycle assessment of zero waste approaches<br><br>3. Methodology<br> 3.1 System definitions<br> 3.2 Functional unit<br> 3.3 Impact categories<br> 3.4 Data sources<br><br>4. Results<br> 4.1 Global warming potential<br> 4.2 Air pollution impacts<br> 4.3 Water pollution impacts<br> 4.4 Land usage<br> 4.5 Energy usage<br> 4.6 Raw material impacts<br><br>5. Discussion<br> 5.1 Most impactful pathways<br> 5.2 Mitigation opportunities<br> 5.3 Limitations and recommendations<br> 5.4 Conclusions <br></p>
Abstract
This project examines the environmental impacts of various solid waste management systems. Solid waste production is increasing globally as consumption rises, making effective waste management crucial from both environmental and economic perspectives. However, different waste management approachesβsuch as landfilling, incineration, composting and recyclingβeach have their own environmental tradeoffs. This study analyzes the life cycle impacts of five common solid waste management systems landfilling, incineration with energy recovery, mechanical biological treatment, anaerobic digestion, and zero waste. The global warming potential, air and water pollution, land usage, energy usage, and raw material impacts of each system are evaluated based on a review of relevant literature. The findings help identify high-impact pathways and opportunities for more sustainable waste management.
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