Project Abstract

Abstract
This research project focuses on the design and construction of a single-phase automatic changeover switch with a phase selector. The aim of the study is to create a reliable and efficient solution for switching between power sources in single-phase electrical systems. The automatic changeover switch is designed to seamlessly transfer the load from one power source to another in the event of a power outage or voltage fluctuations. The system is equipped with a phase selector that allows the user to choose between different power sources based on availability and quality of supply. This feature provides flexibility and control over the power sources, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to critical loads. The design incorporates circuitry for automatic detection of power failure and smooth transition between sources to prevent disruptions to the connected devices. The construction of the automatic changeover switch involves selecting appropriate components such as relays, contactors, and control circuitry to enable reliable operation under varying load conditions. The system is designed to be compact and user-friendly, with clear indicators for power status and source selection. The project also includes testing and validation of the automatic changeover switch to ensure its performance meets the required specifications. This involves simulated power outage scenarios to evaluate the response time and efficiency of the switch in transferring the load between sources. The system is also tested for durability and reliability under continuous operation to assess its long-term performance. Overall, the design and construction of a single-phase automatic changeover switch with a phase selector provide a practical solution for managing power sources in single-phase electrical systems. The system's automatic operation and phase selection capabilities offer convenience and efficiency in switching between power sources, making it suitable for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Further enhancements and optimizations can be explored to expand the functionality and versatility of the switch for different power requirements and applications.

Project Overview

Change over switch is a device used to switch off a power supply and subsequently switch on another power source. Basically it is aimed at switching on a more convenient power supply to the load. Since it switches on power to the load precaution has to be taken while choosing the type of change over switch. Also size, arcing control are put into consideration in the choice.

Due to inconsistent supply of power, there is a growing need for an alternative source of power supply. This has led to heavy capital investment in a bid to curb power failure and ensure regular power supply for our industries, hospitals and homes. The problem of power failure can be checkmated with the use of standby generating set.

An Engineering author Tony Rudk Inn said in his book titled “Upgraded signal source with improved performance and reliability” that the cost and depreciation associated with breakdown vary from one application to the other, and in some cases, the user has little choice but to ensure that a stand-by unit is available to take over on event of failure of primary system.

If some of these big firms do not make provisions for stand-by power source, frustration could set in which may lead to the closure of business and thus throwing workers into unemployment. Also in the case of hospitals undergoing a surgical operation and the power supply suddenly goes off, the patient might loose his life due to power outage.

Furthermore, if the President of the country is making a nation wide broadcast and all of a sudden there is power failure in the transmitting station, it would be viewed as an attempt to sabotage the government ruling and some people must go for it.

Sequel to the rate at which more sophisticated electrical/electronics gadgets are being procured an installed in our homes, hospital and business premises, there is a justifiable need for a faster and more reliable change over system in an event of power outage.