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Normal growth in pku patients under low-protein diet in a single-center cross-sectional study

 

Table Of Contents


Chapter ONE

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of Study
1.3 Problem Statement
1.4 Objective of Study
1.5 Limitation of Study
1.6 Scope of Study
1.7 Significance of Study
1.8 Structure of the Research
1.9 Definition of Terms

Chapter TWO

2.1 Overview of PKU and Low-Protein Diet
2.2 Historical Perspectives on PKU Treatment
2.3 Nutritional Requirements in PKU Patients
2.4 Effects of Low-Protein Diet on Growth in PKU Patients
2.5 Compliance Challenges with Low-Protein Diet
2.6 Psychosocial Impacts of PKU and Dietary Restrictions
2.7 Emerging Therapies for PKU
2.8 Global Initiatives in PKU Management
2.9 Research Gaps in PKU and Low-Protein Diet
2.10 Summary of Literature Review

Chapter THREE

3.1 Research Design and Rationale
3.2 Selection of Study Participants
3.3 Data Collection Methods
3.4 Measurement of Growth Parameters
3.5 Dietary Assessment Tools
3.6 Data Analysis Techniques
3.7 Ethical Considerations
3.8 Validity and Reliability Measures
3.9 Limitations of the Research Methodology

Chapter FOUR

4.1 Overview of Study Participants
4.2 Growth Patterns in PKU Patients Under Low-Protein Diet
4.3 Comparison with Normal Growth Charts
4.4 Factors Influencing Growth Outcomes
4.5 Adherence to Low-Protein Diet and Growth
4.6 Nutritional Status of PKU Patients
4.7 Impact of Genetics on Growth in PKU
4.8 Discussion of Findings

Chapter FIVE

5.1 Summary of Research Findings
5.2 Conclusions
5.3 Implications for Clinical Practice
5.4 Recommendations for Future Research
5.5 Contribution to the Field
5.6 Reflections on the Research Process

Project Abstract

Dietary phenylalanine restriction in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients is usually mandatory in order to prevent cognitive impairment. The influence of a low-protein diet on growth has raised concerns in families and caregivers. This paper aims to investigate the growth in PKU patients treated with a low-protein diet including supplementation of amino acids and other nutrients according to standard protocols.

We performed a single-center, cross-sectional study on growth in pediatric PKU patients (n = 51) treated with low-protein diet over a 20-month period. Height of healthy siblings (n = 44) and target height, calculated based on parents’ height, served as controls.

No statistically significant differences were found comparing mean height z-scores between patients and siblings (p = 0.261). Patients <12 years showed a reduction in mean height z-scores compared to the target height (p = 0.020), whereas postpubertal patients β‰₯12 years did not differ significantly in height z-scores compared to the target height (p = 0.071). Healthy siblings’ height did not differ from target height in neither age group (p = 0.100/p = 0.301).

Our results suggest that PKU patients treated with low-protein diet can achieve normal growth with patients making up the leeway after puberty. While prepubertal patients were shorter than expected based on their target height, older patients were within their expected target height. This study indicates that current practice of low-protein diet in PKU patients allows normal growth.



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