Project Abstract

Abstract
Cola nitida, commonly known as "cola nut," has been traditionally used in African countries for various medicinal purposes. The pods of Cola nitida contain a variety of bioactive compounds that have been studied for their potential health benefits. In this research study, we aimed to investigate the effects of water extract of Cola nitida pod on various biological activities. The water extract of Cola nitida pod was prepared using standard methods and tested for its antioxidant properties. Our results showed that the extract exhibited significant antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress in vitro. Additionally, the extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cultured cells. Furthermore, we evaluated the potential cytotoxic effects of the extract on cancer cells. Our findings revealed that the water extract of Cola nitida pod exhibited selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells while sparing normal cells. This selective cytotoxicity was attributed to the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, leading to their death. Moreover, we investigated the antimicrobial properties of the extract against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The water extract of Cola nitida pod showed significant antimicrobial activity, inhibiting the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as various fungal strains. These antimicrobial effects were further confirmed by electron microscopy, which revealed damage to the bacterial cell walls upon treatment with the extract. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the water extract of Cola nitida pod possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial properties. These bioactive effects may be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and flavonoids in the extract. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the potential health benefits of Cola nitida pod extract and warrant further investigation into its therapeutic applications.

Project Overview

INTRODUCTION

Cola Nitida has been used in folk medicine as an aphrodisiac, an appetite suppressant, to treat morning sickness, migraine headache, and indigestion (Esimone et al., 2007). It has also been applied directly to the skin to treat wounds and inflammation (Newall et al., 1996)on the teeth and gums. There has also been speculations as to its use in the treatment of peptic ulcer, however, in Nigeria there is no record of the incidence of peptic ulcer.According to Esimone (2007), cola nitida tree is native to West Africa. Cola nuts are obtained from cola trees. Cola nitida belongs to the genus cola and family steriliaceae. They are commonly used to counteract hunger and thirst; in some cases it is used to control vomiting in pregnant woman and also as a principal stimulant to keep awake and withstand fatigue by students, drivers, and other menial workers. Lipoproteins are found in the liver and cells. The liver is the largest organ inside the body. The liver is dark reddish-brown and consists of two main lobes. There are over 300 billion specialized cells in the liver that are connected by a well organized system of “bile” ducts and blood vessels called the biliary system.