Project Abstract

Abstract
Quality seed production is a critical component of agriculture that significantly influences crop yield and overall food security. In Nigeria, the production and distribution of quality seeds have been a major concern due to various challenges such as lack of proper infrastructure, limited access to improved seed varieties, and inadequate knowledge among farmers. This research project aims to understand the trends of quality seed production in Nigeria by examining key factors affecting seed production, challenges faced by seed producers, and the impact of quality seeds on agricultural productivity. The methodology for this study involves a combination of primary and secondary data collection. Primary data will be gathered through interviews and surveys with seed producers, agricultural experts, and farmers across different regions of Nigeria. Secondary data will be collected from existing literature, reports, and government publications related to seed production in the country. Data analysis will involve both qualitative and quantitative techniques to provide a comprehensive understanding of the trends in quality seed production. The findings from this research will contribute to the existing knowledge on seed production in Nigeria and provide valuable insights for policymakers, agricultural stakeholders, and farmers. By understanding the current trends in quality seed production, recommendations can be made to improve seed production practices, enhance seed distribution networks, and promote the adoption of quality seeds among farmers. This research project is essential for addressing the challenges facing seed production in Nigeria and promoting sustainable agricultural practices that can lead to increased crop yields and food security in the country. Overall, this research project on understanding the trends of quality seed production in Nigeria is significant for enhancing agricultural productivity, improving seed quality, and ensuring food security for the growing population. By identifying the key factors influencing seed production and distribution, this study will provide a roadmap for sustainable agricultural development in Nigeria and contribute to the overall goal of achieving food self-sufficiency and reducing poverty in the country.

Project Overview

1.1 Background Of Study

Seed constitutes an important input in arable crop production. Without seeds, it would be virtually impossible to develop a stable agricultural system by man (Copeland, L.O, 2000). Poetically posits that “desolate indeed would be our world without seeds and without men’s propensity to culture them.” Thus, even if all other factors of production are available, meaningful crop production may be virtually impossible without viable seeds. And hence, seed has the most profound influence on crop yield because it is the carrier of genetic potential of crop plants, while other inputs simply build favorable environment for the manifestation of the genetic potential of the crop. Producing enough seed is one of the most diffi cult problems facing many countries.

According to Douglas, J.E, (2000) strongly asserts that a country’s seed programme takes a giant step towards success if it is able to fi nd answers to certain questions and establish clear policies on the seed industry. These questions are: should seeds be produced locally or imported? Who should produce the seed? How can a seed enterprise be started and who is involved in its management? Can foreign seed firms help get a commercial seed industry started? And what is actually involved in getting a seed industry started? In Nigeria, seed production for major crops is primarily a government undertaking. Private sector’s participation is limited to the commercial production of certified seeds of grains. In the public sector, the most important organizations responsible for the production and distribution of certified seeds are the National Seed Service (NSS) and the Agricultural Development Projects (ADPs). These organizations no longer undertake direct production of seeds but rely on the contract growers especially small farmers. The attainment of self-sufficiency in the production of basic staple food as well as agro-industrial raw materials depend mainly on the availability and widespread use of high quality, improved planting materials and other complementary inputs such as fertilizers and plant protection chemicals.

1.2 Statement Of The Problem

In Nigeria, various agricultural research institutes, through their breeding and crop adaptation programmes have made considerable studies over the years. For many of the most important food as well as industrial crops, improved varieties have been introduced (Shaib, B, 2007). The problem has been lack of effective, well co-coordinated seed multiplication and seed policy which would make it possible for improved seeds to replace the traditional, usually, retained by the farmers, and low yielding species grown by the farmers (Joshua, A., 2006). He further observed that the current production of improved seeds for different crops by public sector agencies in Nigeria is just about 8-12 percent of the total seed requirement

1.3 Aim And Objectives Of Study

The main aim of the paper is examine the trends of quality of seed production in Nigeria. Other specific objectives of the paper are:

1. to compare the difference in quality of seed production in Nigeria from previous to present year

2. to investigate on the factors affecting the quality of seed production

3. to determine the effect of coordinated seed multiplication and seed policy on seed production in Nigeria

4. to examine whether location have effect on seed production in Nigeria

5. to determine ways to enhance quality seed production

1.4 Research Questions

The paper came up with research questions so as to ascertain the above objectives. The research questions for the study are:

1. What is the difference in quality of seed production in Nigeria from previous years to present year?

2. What is the effect of coordinated seed multiplication and seed policy on seed production in Nigeria?

3. What are the factors affecting the quality of seed production?

4. Does location have effect on seed production in Nigeria?

5. What are the ways to enhance quality seed production?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

H0: there is no significant difference in quality of seed production in Nigeria from previous years to present year

H1: there is significant difference in quality of seed production in Nigeria from previous years to present year

1.6 Significance Of Study

The study on the trends of quality of seed production in Nigeria will be of immense benefit to the agricultural sector of Nigeria in the sense that the study will assess the seed production and also determine the effects of factors like location, nature of the soil and farm size on seed production in Nigeria. The study will serve as a repository of information to other researchers that desire a carry out similar studies on the above topics as the findings of the study will contribute to the body of the existing literature on seed production in Nigeria.

1.7 Scope Of Study

The study on the trends of quality of seed production in Nigeria will cover on data from certified seed production by formal seed producers using records of FMA on seed production, NASC records and GIS from 2010-2016